Machine for



UNITED` STATES? PATENT A FFICE.

FRANCISA. CALVERT, OF LONELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FOR-GINNING, BURRING, ,0R CLE'ANSING WOOL AND COTTON.

Specification of Letters Patent No.

To all 5w hom tfmayfconcern Beit known thatI, FimNors A. CaLviiR'r, of Lowell, in the county ofMiddleseX and State of l\/Iassachusetts, have invented. Cer- "tain Improvements in Machines for Crining wool and cotton=consists in substitutingforthe knife or guard formerly 'used to arirest.andseparate the burs, seeds, and other foreign matter from the animal or vegetable iibers to be cleaned, an apparatus, whichshall operate upon such fibers in a manner analagous to that ofl picking out such foreigninatter by hand. But instead of projectingedges ofa revolving tinted, or channeled roller to strikeagainstl the burs and other foreign mattei', as used in Calvert and Cranes machine, I employ what I denominate an angular toothed guard, which is made of sheet metal, in a manner to be presf ently described, and which has openings or slots, between each of its teeth, into which openings-or slots, the pointedwires, or teeth f of a revolving` cylinder or roller,.which I denominate the intersecting toothed cylinder, or roller, pass, as saidcylinder is made to revolve; the intention of this combined apparatus` being the same with that of the revolving tluted, or channeled cylinder in Calvert and Cranes machine.

In the accompanying drawing', Figure l', a; top View of my machine; in this figure the feeding apron is not shown, it being the Asame in allV respects with that generally used. C, is the shaft of one of the rollers of this apronand D, the top, or pressing roller. E, is the picker cylinder, which is to be set with rows of teeth in the usual way. F, is the dotfer, or fine comb cylinder; this cylinder a-nd its combs are similar in all respects, with those used andk described by Calvert and Crane in the specification of their patent; they are shown at b, I). I, I,

are clotting plates, which operate, and may be employed in lieu of the brush cylinder 2,373, dated November 25, 1841.

used in other machines, and which may also be used in this. K, is the angular toothed guard, by means of which, and of the teeth Ion the intersecting toothed cylinder N, the burs, seeds, metes, or other foreign matters are to be separated. The angular toothed guard is formed in the following manner.

In Fig. 2 M, M, represents a portion of `that )art of the o'uard which lies over and l :s a

nearly in'contact with the line comb cylinderg'it consists of a plate of metal; a piece of tempered steel, such` as is used for saw plates being best adapted to the purpose.

This plate must be of the length of the tine comb cylinder, and it is to have teeth out upon one of its edges, along its whole length, as shown at j", f', f; from the angles produced by the junction of these teeth openings, or slots, as shown at g, g, g, are to be cut through the plate, and it is to be `curved crosswise, so as to adapt it to the curvature ot the fine comb cylinder.

Plates or pieces of cast iron, 71, k, lz., are to be attached to the plate M, between the edges ylof each of the teeth, so as to rise vertically fromthem, and extending from thin points to the upper ends of the slots g, g, g, or to `the rod or bar i, 2', to which the steel or iron `plates are affixed.

In the actual machine these plates are about half an inch thick, excepting toward their outer or lower ends j, j, j, where they are pointed, or chainfered, so as to correspond with the form of the teeth in the steel plate. This chamfered part of the iron plates should be allowed to stand a little within the slope of the teeth,- as shown in the drawing, as the steel plate will then operate better in separating the burs and other foreign matter than when the iron and steel teeth are flush with each other. In Fig. 2, the steel plate and teeth are represented as of about one-half their width and size in the actual machine, the openings or slots g, g, g, being'about an inch apart.

Fig. 3 is an end view of the angular tooth guardw/L, being one of the iron plates; M,

the teeth of the steel plate to be imbedded in that of the iron, the latter being elongated, and notched for that purpose.

N, N, Fig. 1, is the intersecting toothed roller or cylinder. The teeth j, j, j', in the cylinder are set spirally around it, so as to act successively upon the material to be picked, and they are placed an inch apart, or at such distance as to correspond with the slots or openings g, g, g, in the steel plate M, M. The teeth must be of such length as to enable the cylinder to revolve clear of the iron plates ZL', ZL, Zz., and to allow them to enter the openings or slots g, g, g, in the steel plate; the iron plates are sometimes made much wider than in the proportion shown in Fig. 3, and the teeth must in this case be made of a corresponding length. The cylinder N, N, is made adjustable, so that it may be raised, or lowered, and that its teeth may enter to a greater or less depth into the angular toothed guard; and this guard also is made adjustable endwise, in order to affix it in such manner as that the teeth of the intersecting cylinder mayA duly correspond to the openings or slots in the guard plate. O, O, are adjusting nuts which lit onto screws at either end of the bar z', i, of the guard, and bear against the standards 71:, 7c, which support said guard, and which has sufficient end play to allow of the necessary adjustment. The lower end of the standards Za, Zr, have holes in them which pass on to the gudgeons of the cylinder, F. rl`he nuts O, t), serve also to regulate the depth or distance to which the intersecting` teeth of the cylinder N, shall enter the steel plate of the guard; Z, Z, are bridl-es which embrace the axes of the cylinder N, and which also admit the ends of the bar 7'., z', to pass through longitudinal slots in them, in a manner which will be more clearly seen in Fig. t, and by which the nuts O, O, are made to regulate the distance of the cylinder N, from the guard.

Fig. .4, is a side view of the machine showing the manner in which the respective cylnders mav be driven by means of which and bands, l), is a whirl or pulley on the shaft of the picker cylinder, to which shaft may also be appended a loose pulley, and to these the driving power may be applied. On the opposite end of this shaft is a pulley Q (Fig. l), and on the shaft of the line comb cylinder a whirl R, upon which the belt S, Operates. ln l? ig. 4t mi, m, is a band from a whirl on the shaft of the picker cylinder, which gives motion to the pulley n, on the shaft of the cylinder N; and o, 0, a. band from l), which drives the brush cylinder on doiiing plates l, 1; but this band must be crossed, as shown by the dotted lines 0', o. i'iwhirl p, on the shaft of one of the feeding rollers gives motion to the endless apron, being driven by a band Q, Q, connected with the whirl 1, on the shaft of the fine comb cylinder, by the intermediate whirl t, and the band u, u. These bands and whirls may be differently arranged, or other modes of correcting and driving the respective parts may be adopted, as will be well understood by every competent machinist. T, is one of the standards, which supports the intersecting toothed cylinder, there being a corresponding standard at the opposite end. These standards may be rais-ed or lowered by means of a set screw e, passing through T; or otherwise; Z, is one of the bridles against which the nut O, operates, the slot or mortise in the bridle being shown by dotted lines; the standards or bars 7c, Zo, which support the angular toothed guard, as before remarked, embrace, at their lower ends, the gudgeons of the iin-e comb cylinder.

1n operating with this machine, as the fine comb cylinder brings the wool or cotton, with its burs, or metes, into contact with the sloping edges of the teeth of the angular toothed guard, Ythe bursI or other foreign matter are gradually acted upon by them, their inclined position preventing any sudden action which might injure the fibers, and gradually separating such foreign matter, as it approaches the point of the junction of the contiguous teeth. The burs, seeds, or metes are there met by the points of the teeth of the intersecting toothed cylinder by which they are separated from the fibers, are beaten back, and fall down under the machine, passing between the rounds or slots of the grating on the under side of the picker cylinder, as in other machines for a like purpose.

Having thus fully described the nature of my machine for burring and otherwise cleaning wool, or cotton, what I claim therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The manner in which 1 have constructed what l have denominated the angular toothed guard, and combined the same with the revolving intersecting toothed cylinder; the angular toothed guard lying upon the tine comb cylinder, and separating the burs and other foreign matt-er by the action of the oblique edges of its teeth, and such foreign matter being finally beaten off by the revolving intersecting teeth of the cylinder N, as herein set forth; the respective parts being made adjustable, and being constructed and operating substantially in the manner described.

FRANCIS A. CALVERT.

litnesses HENRY D. PHnLrs, Anrmms G. TYLER. 

